Month: October 2022

Must I drink sports drinks after exercise?

Written by : Registered Dietitian (Australia) 

Chung Yong Man

 

Children should walk more and do more exercise. My good friend May has always wanted to challenge the marathon 10km race. We agreed to train together once a week. Since she seldom exercises, I suggested her to start with a brisk walk first and try running only after she got used to it. After the exercise, we went to the convenience store to buy drinks and May chose sports drinks without saying a word.

 

” I see that runners bring their own sports drinks and they claim to be good for energy, so I drink them in my spare time, at least it’s better than soda! ” She took the drinks and was ready to pay at the counter.

I said, “Hydration before, during and after exercise is very important, especially during long endurance sports, such as ball games and marathons, where a lot of water and electrolytes will be lost through sweat. It contains water and electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium and magnesium, which can be replenished during exercise. It also contains sugar, which can replenish the sugar consumed during exercise and reduce fatigue. The American College of Sports Medicine also points out that for people who exercise for one hour or more, drinking sports drinks may improve endurance and performance. However, if the exercise is less than one hour, the electrolytes and water consumed in the daily diet are sufficient to replenish the body and there is no need to drink additional sports drinks.

I took away the sports drink from her hand and replaced it with water and continued, “Moreover, 100ml of sports drink contains about 6 grams of sugar, 500ml has 30 grams of sugar, which is equivalent to 6 teaspoons of granulated sugar, similar to the sugar content of a can of soft drink. If you are just walking, which is not an exercise that consumes too many calories, or as a leisure drink, regular consumption is likely to cause fat. You’ll be able to use it next year when you compete in a race!

 

She turned her attention to the energy drinks next to her and asked expectantly, “Are energy drinks suitable for sports?

 

I explained, “The main ingredients of energy drinks include taurine, vitamin B complex, caffeine and carbohydrates, etc. They are used for refreshment. But because caffeine has a diuretic effect, it will speed up water loss, which is more likely to cause dehydration, so it is not suitable to drink during exercise. No more searching around, water is your best choice!

“No!” “Not allowed!” “No!” Does it really work?

Written by : Child Behavioral Emotional Therapist
　　　        Ip Wai Lun

 

Many times, parents get angry because their children don’t follow the rules or challenge some bottom line. For example, if a parent doesn’t want a child to touch something, the parent will just say, “Hey! Don’t touch it!” and “No!” and “Stop”, the child will hear many of these “No! and “No! In fact, this will often make children feel that they have done something wrong, which in turn will undermine their confidence and make them avoid doing things in the future.

 

As a parent, what can you do to make your child follow the rules without undermining his self-confidence? What kind of talking skills can parents use?

 

For example, if a child is angry and his face is red, we can use the following “three-step” approach.

 

Part I: Say How He Feels

“Mommy and Daddy see how angry you are ……”

“Look at your red face. ……”

Parents can try to help their children say how they feel. This is the first and most important step.

 

Part 2: Setting boundaries

When a child has a temper tantrum and may hit someone, parents should immediately set a line: “Okay, we can’t hurt others. Help him to set a compliance line.

 

Part 3: Arranging a platform for diversion

If the child has already hit someone, the parent should arrange a platform for the child to channel the anger.

 

For example, the parent can say, “Oh! I see you are so angry that your face is red and you want to hit someone! Why don’t you show Daddy how angry you are? “Why don’t you hit this shark doll?”

 

Maybe the child will say, “Yes, okay! and then hit the shark doll. At this point, the parent should tell the child, “Oh, Daddy is really angry to see you.

By allowing the child to express his or her emotions, the child will understand that when he or she has negative emotions, they won’t be accepted by the parents.

 

If parents use the above three steps, not only will they accept their children’s negative emotions, but they will also not condone their misbehavior, and most importantly, children will learn to follow the rules.

Categories
Parents Zone

How can parents who apply for primary school choose a school for their children?

Author: Activate the principal of English Primary School Luo Xujun

 

The application for Primary 1 admission has already begun, how can parents choose the right school for their children? How do you know what a school is all about? Children’s characteristics are important, but the plasticity of children is very large, relatively speaking, parents’ expectations for education and whether the school can meet parents’ expectations are even more important. Parents can learn about a school in the following ways:

 

1. School website

Many parents will learn about the school through the school website, but the design direction of different school websites is different, and it is not easy to compare with each other. However, the website can generally provide some basic information, which is a convenient way to understand the school.

 

2. Primary School Overview

The Primary School Overview is also a way to obtain basic information about schools. However, contrary to the website, because the edition of “Primary School Overview” has restrictions on the title and word count, it seems easier to compare, but it is difficult to see the characteristics of the school, so “Primary School Overview” can only be regarded as providing an additional convenient way for parents to know the school.

 

3. Learn through word of mouth

Collecting different people’s evaluations of the school, that is, the general reputation of the school, can be an important way to understand the school, and in fact, it is also an important factor for most parents to consider. However, through “word of mouth” to understand the school, parents have two points to pay attention to. First, everyone’s observations may be incomplete, and the school will change, and parents should listen to different people’s opinions. Second, everyone has different expectations for education, and others think that the advantages are important, but you do not necessarily think that they are important, and you may even think that they are shortcomings.

 

4. Visit the school

What about visiting schools? Some people doubt that visiting the school can see the real face, but I think it is still important to contact in person. Each school has a message that she expects the public to know, that is, the elements that the school values, which can be learned during the visit. The school wants everyone to know whether her students are disciplined or confident or confident. Does she emphasize high academic standards, or is it a variety of activities? Parents can make comparisons from this.

Having breakfast makes you smarter. What breakfast can “wake up our brain and morning “?

Written By: Founder of Kat-Spirit Nutrition Centre 

Senior Nutritionist Ng Yiu Fun

 

 

The school year has started, did the children have breakfast before school? Many children have different reasons for not eating breakfast, but parents should pay attention to the fact that breakfast has a great impact on the growth of children!

 

Earlier, a study by the Chinese University of Hong Kong showed that breakfast has a significant impact on the academic performance of students. Students who have the habit of eating breakfast every day, test scores are more than 5 points higher than the average student who did not eat breakfast. Why does breakfast make us smarter?

 

Because the brain needs blood sugar for nutrient absorption and consumption, but when our body sleeps all night without food, the body has consumed our blood sugar for the whole day. Therefore, we need to eat breakfast to replenish blood sugar, so that our response becomes faster. Parents may ask, “What is the best breakfast for children?

What breakfast can “wake up our brain and morning”?

1) Starchy food

This includes porridge, flour, noodles, rice, bread and biscuits, so we can eat a sandwich, a bowl of macaroni or rice flour as well; even drinking milk, eating oatmeal or corn flakes is fine

2) Protein supplement

Since protein itself can make us react faster, for example, shredded chicken is rich in protein, so for breakfast, you can choose a bowl of rice noodles in shredded chicken soup or macaroni in shredded chicken soup, or have an egg sandwich with cheese, which can also help us replenish our needs for the day. So all parents remember to remind children to eat breakfast before going to school!

Become a secure attachment for your child
Parent-child interaction is 

Written By: Ms. Lui Shuk Jing, Family Dynamics Personal, Marriage and Family Therapist

 

There is a Chinese saying “the age of three determines 80” and the West has another saying “The future is now”.It is clear that both Chinese and foreign parents have relevant parenting experience and believe that the early years are the golden age for shaping the healthy growth of their children. Many parents understand that they are the key influencers of their children’s growth, and that their children will learn by example, so they have to set an example and start to discipline them at a young age. 

 

I believe that parents focus on disciplining their children’s behavior, but recent studies in medicine, science, psychology, and early childhood development all point to the interaction and relationship between parents and children as the foundation for their children’s development.

 

“Attachment Theory research clearly shows that as early as 0-18 months of age, a parent or primary caregiver forms a lifelong relationship pattern with the child that will be passed on for the rest of the child’s life. Once a secure attachment relationship is established, it is like a secure base that can be effective in dealing with future turbulent situations and in building the ability to have a successful family relationship. 

Conversely, once an insecure relationship pattern is established, it can have a negative impact on an infant’s future growth, emotional processing, and family relationships.

  • Secure Attachment 

 

The key to establishing a secure attachment pattern is for parents to establish a secure attachment when their child is 0-18 months old. Parents can build secure attachments based on the following suggestions

 

  • Be close to your child often, especially when they need it, such as when they cry and see their parents comforting them so that they know you are always there for them.
  • Invest emotionally in the parent-child relationship so that your child knows that you enjoy spending time with them and are interested in them, rather than being preoccupied with your own work. So parents need to play with their children from time to time to increase parent-child interaction and communication.
  • Parents are sensitive to their children’s emotional needs because children need you not only to meet their physical needs but also to care about their emotions and help them express and respond to them, especially negative emotions. When your child is dancing or smiling, you will help them say, “My baby is so happy! I’m so excited!” When your child is upset or crying, you will pick them up and offer protection and comfort. As they grow older, they will have more complex emotions, such as worry, fear, anger, frustration, and shame, and parents need to encourage and help their children express them, even though their negative emotions may have something to do with them.

Insecure Attachment

 

I have handled many cases in which the children are smart and well-behaved and have  excellent academic performance, but they are very disturbed emotionally. Their parents think they are leading by example, loving their children and working hard, but they do not understand how their children can have emotional problems. If they look closely  at the “attachment pattern” between themselves and their children to see if they are always  close to their children, if they are emotionally involved, and if they can meet their children’s  emotional needs, it will be easy to find the core of the problem and help parents rebuild a  secure attachment relationship with their children so that they can rely on them and build a  foundation for growth.

教育局家長智NET

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「我好攰呀」如何改善疲累感？

撰文：姚怡超中醫師

 

作為父母，要照顧家庭，又要工作，真的會疲憊不堪。筆者閒時喜歡看清談節目，聽聽名人對生活和人生觀的獨特意見。有次大家談及香港人的生活繁忙，疲倦似乎是必然的「副產品」。但是，大家卻「死撐」說我們並不累，因為人人皆如此，只是正常的生理反應。那麼，這是否真確呢？

 

疲倦其實是一個主觀感覺的表現，所以只有自己才可以領會。有部分情況，可以從行為上表現出來，例如不願起床、說話乏力、缺乏正常體力等。中醫認為，疲勞為害，涉及五臟六腑，主要為脾、肝、腎，首當推脾，屬「虛勞」的範疇。

 

3種疲勞　原因各有不同

疲勞可以從不同的角度分類。其中一個方法是將疲勞分為 3 類：身體、腦力、心理。身體疲勞是最常見，而且亦是大家最容易發覺的。在正常工作後，感到勞累是很正常的現象，在休息後便可恢復。可是如果在休息過後未能夠恢復，或勞累的次數和程度過多，這就是疲態，也可以說是「亞健康」的狀態。

 

而腦力疲勞是用腦過度所致，最基本的症狀是記憶力下降和專注力不足，其他病徵，包括嗜睡、集中力不足、耳廓發熱、聽力不足等。心理疲倦則是排除身體問題後的心理感覺，可能因為睡眠不足或營養供應不足所誘發。如果多於一個以上的表現同時出現，就很可能會定性為現代人稱的「疲勞綜合症」。

疲勞出現　與五臟失調有關

從中醫角度，疲勞現象的出現，與五臟的失調有密切關係。不同的表徵可與某個臟腑有關，例如氣力不足多與宗氣（肺臟）有關。中醫認為，人體的整體活動，全賴於元氣的狀態。元氣「廩賦於先天，滋養於後天」，是指元氣來自父母之精，既生以後，主要來自飲食水穀精微的補充和滋養，同時要依賴脾胃正常的功能和借助自然界的清氣（即良好的空氣），雖然都是疲累，但是在証形上還是有分別。

 

人大概可以分為以下四大體質：

 

1. 痰濕體質：這類人不但身形肥胖，而且疲勞痰多，易於睏倦、四肢怠惰、食後胃脘不適、便溏等。除了可以透過中藥調理，也可以靠長期鍛鍊身體改善。包括慢跑、游泳、太極、八段錦等。

 

2. 氣虛體質：這類人的肺氣不足，精力缺乏，稍微勞動便有疲勞的感覺。由於肝氣強弱又與人體免疫力有關，所以他們容易生病。其他表徵包括少氣懶言、常自汗出、語聲低微、舌淡苔白、脈虛微弱等。雖然可鼓勵進行運動，但是需要慢慢開始和慢慢遞增。另外，可以以腹中氣海穴為中心作打圈的按摩，每天 3 次，每次 10 分鐘。此法可以健脾運胃、培本補元。


3. 陽氣體質：這類人整體新陳代謝低，會表現為怕冷、精神萎靡、嗜睡等。除了可考慮服食中藥調理外，還可以「溫臍法」增加腎元陽。方法是用點燃了的艾條在肚臍上的神闕穴上方縣空灸治，每天 2 次，每次 15 分鐘，以感覺到溫暖而可忍耐度為主。


4. 氣鬱體質：多表現為情況不穩、容易憂鬱、沒有堅持力、多疑等心理不平衡的狀態。當然，身體的不適，例如肋部脹滿，睡覺不佳等也會出現。不過，與情志的起伏有密切關係。平日多與人談天分享，是最簡單開導自己的方法。同時，也可以試試「玫瑰山藥粥」。方法是將玫瑰、薏苡仁、淮山加米煮粥，每天1 至2 碗。

無論如何，疲勞的感覺是很令人困擾。除了不適外，旁人有時會懷疑是否屬弄虛作假。所以我們必須正面面對，並找到調理的正確方法。不然，疲勞這種亞健康的狀態很可能演變成真正的疾病，那就麻煩了。

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運動後一定要飲運動飲品？

撰文：註冊營養師（澳洲）

　　　鍾蓉文

 

小朋友都應該多走動，多做運動。好友May一直希望挑戰馬拉松10公里賽事。我們相約每星期一起訓練1次，由於她甚少運動，所以筆者建議她先由急步行開始，待適應後才嘗試跑步。運動後，我們到便利店購買飲品，May二話不說便選了運動飲品。

 

「我看那些跑手會自備運動飲品，而且那些飲品亦聲稱可以補充體力，閒時我亦會飲用，至少比汽水有益吧！」她拿著飲品，準備到櫃台付款。

 

筆者說：「運動前後及期間的水分補充的確十分重要，尤其是進行長時間的耐力運動，例如球類比賽和馬拉松等，會經汗液流失大量水分及電解質，若不及時補充，會容易出現脫水或中暑，引起不適。運動飲品是專為進行此類運動的人士而設計，含有水分及電解質，如鈉、鉀和鎂等，可於運動時作補充。它亦含有糖分，可補充運動期間消耗的糖分，減低疲勞。美國運動醫學會亦指出，進行1小時或以上運動的人士，飲用運動飲品或可提升耐力及運動表現。可是，若只是進行少於1小時運動，日常飲食攝取的電解質及飲用清水已足夠補充，不需要額外飲用運動飲品。」

我拿走她手上的運動飲品，換上清水，續說：「而且，100毫升的運動飲品含大約6克糖， 500毫升便有30克糖，相等於6茶匙砂糖，與1罐汽水的糖分相若。如你只是進行急步行這類不是消耗太多熱量的運動，或當作休閒飲品，經常飲用反而容易致肥。待你下年參加賽事，運動飲品便可大派用場！」


她把視線移向旁邊的能量飲品，滿懷期待地問:「那麼能量飲品又是否適合運動時飲用呢？」


我解釋：「能量飲品的主要成分包括牛磺酸 、維他命B雜、咖啡因和碳水化合物等，用作提神之用。但由於咖啡因有利尿作用，會加快水分流失，更易引致脫水，因此運動時並不適合飲用。不用再四處搜索了，清水是你最佳的選擇！」

「唔得！」「唔准！」「唔可以！」
真的有用嗎？

撰文：兒童行為情緒治療師 　　　葉偉麟

 

很多時候，家長會因為小朋友不守規矩，或是挑戰了一些底線而大發脾氣。例如家長不想小朋友碰某件東西，家長只會說：「喂！不准碰！」、「不可以！」和「停」等，那麼小朋友便會聽到很多這一類「不行！」和「不准！」的句子。其實，這樣會令孩子經常覺得自己做錯了，繼而會打擊他的自信，令他將來做事時可能會逃避。

 

那作為家長的，有甚麼辦法讓孩子在守規矩的同時，又不會打擊他的自信呢？家長又可以用甚麼說話技巧呢？

 

舉例而言，如果小朋友現時大發脾氣，氣得漲紅了臉的時候，我們可以利用以下的「三部曲」處理：

 

第一部曲：說出他的感受

「爸爸媽媽看見你很生氣……」

「你看你氣得漲紅了臉……」

 

家長可以嘗試幫孩子說出他的感受，這是第一個、亦是很重要的步驟。

 

第二部曲：訂立守規界線

孩子發脾氣時，可能會有打人的行為，那家長要立刻劃定一條界線：「好的，我們這裡是不傷害對方的。」幫他訂立守規界線。

 

第三部曲：安排疏導平台

如果孩子已出手打人了，家長便要為孩子安排一個平台，疏導他這種憤怒的情緒。

 

例如家長可以說：「哦！我看到你生氣得漲紅了臉，而且還氣得想打人呢！不如你顯示給爸爸看，你有多生氣吧！」「你不如打這個鯊魚公仔吧！」

可能小朋友便會說：「嗯，好的！」然後就搥打這個鯊魚公仔。在這時候，家長便要告訴他：「哦，爸爸看到你真的非常生氣。」

家長讓他抒發情緒，那小朋友就會明白，原來當自己有負面情緒的時候，是會被父母所接納的。

 

只要家長用了以上三個步驟，不但可以接納孩子的負面情緒，也不會縱容他們的錯誤行為，最重要的，是孩子同時也可以學習守規矩。

升小申請
家長如何為子女選校？

撰文：激活英文小學羅煦鈞校長

 

小一入學申請已經開始了，家長可如何為子女選讀適合的學校呢？如何了解一間學校才是正確？孩子的特質固然重要，但小朋友的可塑性很大，相對來說，家長對教育的期望和學校是否能夠符合家長的期望就更為重要。家長可從以下途徑了解一間學校：

 

1. 學校網站

很多家長都會通過學校網站了解學校，但不同學校網站的設計方向都不一樣，不容易互相比較。不過網站一般可以提供一些基本資訊，算是一個方便了解學校的途徑。

 

2. 小學概覽

《小學概覽》也是一個可以取得學校基本資訊的途徑。但和網站相反，由於《小學概覽》的版面對標題和字數設限制，看上去似乎較容易比較，但很難看到學校特色，所以《小學概覽》也只能算是提供多一個方便的途徑供家長認識學校。

 

3. 通過「口碑」了解

收集不同人對學校的評價，即一般對學校的「口碑」，可以是一個了解學校的重要途徑，事實上亦是大部分家長考慮的重要因素。不過，通過「口碑」了解學校，家長有兩點需要注意。第一，各人的觀察可能都是不完整，而且學校是會改變，家長要多聽不同人的意見。第二，各人對教育的期望都不同，別人認為重要的優點，你卻不一定認為重要，你甚至可能認為是缺點。

 

4. 參觀學校

參觀學校又如何呢？有人懷疑參觀學校是否可以看到真面目，但筆者認為親身接觸還是重要的。每一間學校都有她期望讓公眾了解的訊息，亦即是學校所重視的元素，這可以在參觀時了解得到。這間學校希望大家知道，她的學生有良好紀律，還是活潑自信呢？她強調學術水平高，還是多姿多采的活動呢？家長從中便可以有所比較。

 

清楚自己對教育的期望，有自己評估的方向，便不容易被表面的東西所影響。為子女選校並不容易，但假如家長能夠清楚自己想要的，再多用不同的途徑去了解，相信一切都會水到渠成。

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