孩子是個打人小惡霸?
Is My Child a Little Bully?

晚上失控
Losing Control at Night

孩子是個打人小惡霸?
Is My Child a Little Bully?

撰文:資深註冊社工李淑輝姑娘

無論是爭玩具、遊戲中輸掉和排隊爭先恐後……每當遇上不如意,常見孩子會用推撞打人的方式去處理問題,這亦是父母常感頭痛的事為甚麼孩子是個打人小惡霸呢? 

1.   情緒和行為混為一談?

「你不可以嬲就發脾氣打人!」孩子因為出現情緒 -「嬲」,所以出現發洩行為 -「打人」。然而,父母可以禁止孩子的打人行為,但不能禁止他有「嬲」的情緒,孩子更不會因父母禁制「嬲」,而把情緒即時緩和過來。父母要教導孩子情緒和行為須分開處理 -「我明白弟弟拿走你的玩具,所以你很嬲,但你不可打人!」

 

 

 

Written by: Miss Jody Lee, Senior Registered Social Worker

Whether it’s fighting over toys, losing games, or rushing to be first in line, it is common to see children using pushing, shoving, and hitting to deal with situations that don’t go their way – which is also a constant headache for parents. Why does a child exhibit bullying behavior? 

1.    Are emotions and behaviors conflated?

“You cannot get angry and hit people!” The child may experience an emotion – “anger”, which leads to a behavioral response – “hitting”. However, while parents can prohibit the child’s hitting behavior, they cannot prohibit the child from feeling “angry”. The child will not immediately calm their emotions just because the parents have banned “anger”. Parents need to teach the child to separate emotions and behaviors – “I understand you are very angry that your brother took your toy, but you cannot hit him!”

 

 

 

1.   A餐無益不要吃!

 

「你不可打弟弟,總之不可打弟弟啦。」父母只叫孩子不要吃A餐,因為吃了會痴肥無益,但又沒有給他BCD餐的選擇,如弟弟再次取走他的玩具,十居其九,他仍會繼續吃A餐。父母聲嘶力歇地叫孩子不可打弟弟(A),跟著應該提供選擇 - 「不可打人,如果弟弟取走你的玩具,你可以告訴他:『玩具是我的,我玩完才給你』(B餐),亦可以請媽媽評理(C餐),或者讓給弟弟先玩 (D餐)……

 

2.   孩子絕對會接受挑戰!

 

「你試下再打弟弟,信不信我以後不要你?」父母意圖用恐嚇方式來鎮壓孩子打人行為,許多時候會適得其反,因為現代的孩子絕對會接受挑戰的!孩子會記恨父母和弟弟,會伺機出拳,再次攻擊弟弟。父母說過如他再犯會不要他,不論會否言出必行,親子關係已陷於僵局。其實,父母只是一心希望孩子做出好行為,應該直截了當地說出要求:「請你停手!」

 

3.   孩子打我,不痛,我能忍受?

 

無論孩子如何生氣或不滿,當他做出傷人、傷己和破壞性行為,父母必須即時制止。假若平日孩子慣性不開心的時候,就打人洩憤,由於力度不大,大人又能承受痛楚,所以不被阻止,孩子便會誤以為攻擊他人是沒有問題的。父母有責任即時制止及清楚表明,孩子的打人行動是不被接納的。

 

 

其實,孩子不是天生的小惡霸,他在成長過程中,身邊的人在陪伴他的同時,又悉心教導他正確處理問題的方法,孩子才能發展成熟,獨立成材。

1.    Don’t eat Meal A if it’s not good for you!

 

“You cannot hit your brother, just don’t hit him at all.” Parents may simply tell the child not to engage in an undesirable behavior (Meal A) without providing any alternative (Meal B, C, D) options. If the brother takes the child’s toy again, the child will likely continue to “eat Meal A” (hit). Parents should not only prohibit the undesirable behavior, but also provide alternative, appropriate ways for the child to respond – “You cannot hit, but if your brother takes your toy, you can tell him: ‘The toy is mine, I’ll give it to you when I’m done’ (Meal B), or you can ask me to help settle it (Meal C), or you can let your brother play with it first (Meal D)…”

 

2.    Children will absolutely accept challenges!

 

“If you hit your brother again, I won’t want you anymore.” Parents may intend to suppress the child’s hitting behavior through intimidation, which often backfires, as today’s children may see this as a challenge. The child may resent the parents and the brother, and look for opportunities to hit the brother again. Instead, parents should directly state their expectations: “Please stop hitting your brother.”

 

3.    My child hit me, but it doesn’t hurt. Can I tolerate that?

 

No matter how angry or dissatisfied the child is, when they engage in harmful, self-destructive, or destructive behaviors, parents must intervene immediately. If the child habitually vents their frustration by hitting others because the force is not great and the adults can endure the pain, the child may mistakenly think that attacking others is acceptable. Parents have the responsibility to immediately stop and clearly indicate that the child’s hitting behavior is unacceptable.

 

 

In fact, children are not born as little bullies. As they grow, the people around them, while accompanying them, should carefully teach them the right ways to deal with problems. Only then can the child develop maturity and become independent.

分類
家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地 家長園地

《融- 和平天使全球計劃之國際和平日百位校長共創奇蹟》

垃圾是誰的?孩子品德培育須透過家校合作才成功
Whose trash is it? The cultivation of children’s character must be achieved through home-school cooperation to be successful

撰文:張偉菁校長

眼前有這樣兩組鏡頭:

鏡頭一:

在熱鬧的街頭,正隨父母一起閒逛的小男孩,發現腳下有一個廢棄的汽水罐,他走過去撿起汽水罐,準備扔到不遠處的垃圾箱。不過,媽媽發現了後,要求孩子將手中的汽水罐扔掉,但孩子不從。接著,爸爸也走了過來,訓斥道:「笨蛋,怎可以撿起這麼髒的東西,你又不是清道夫!」小男孩卻說:「老師說過了,要愛護環境,不能亂丟垃圾!」媽媽說:「這又不是你扔的,管它呢!」小男孩看起來很困惑,卻又不得不把撿在手中的垃圾扔回地上。

鏡頭二:

在熙熙攘攘的火車站月台,一位年輕的媽媽帶著一個大約56歲的男孩。孩子在喝完果汁之後,隨手就把空盒丟在椅子底下。媽媽趕緊拾起空盒,交到兒子手裡,對兒子說:「乖孩子,把空盒丟到前面的垃圾箱裡去。」一會兒後,這對母子又親切地擁抱在一起,媽媽輕聲地對兒子說:「要愛護環境,不可亂丟垃圾啊!」

鏡頭一裡的男孩是否很可憐呢?他一定被父母和老師不同的教育方法搞糊塗了。

學校教育,除了教授孩子們課本知識之外,也著重德育的傳授。愛護環境是人人皆知的道理,當學校和老師在全力培養孩子這種公德意識時,如果父母能夠與學校配合,鼓勵孩子跟從老師的教導,自己又作孩子的榜樣,孩子才能獲得正面的教育,而非在校學的是一套,實際生活又要面對另一套標準。

家校合作 培養孩子品德

 

學校對學生有很多要求,例如守時、守規、守秩序、服務、清潔衛生等等,都是德育訓練,希望孩子自小意識到自己是社會的一分子,對社會有責任和義務,而不單是獲取利益。試想想,假如鏡頭一的男孩在聽了父母的理論之後,即使以後在家裡發現垃圾,也會抱著「既然不是我扔的,我就沒有必要去撿」的心態,父母會有何感想呢?每位父母都希望孩子能自覺愛護家裡的衛生環境,能懂得珍惜父母的勞動成果。可是,又可曾想過:如果你從未教育過孩子要尊重清潔人員的勞動果實,又從未在孩子面前身體力行地愛護過社會大環境,孩子又怎會懂得去愛護家裡的小環境呢?

Written by: Mr. Cheung Wai Ching, Principal

 There are two scenes in front of us:

 Scene One:

On a bustling street, a little boy walking with his parents notices a discarded soda can at his feet. He picks up the can, intending to throw it into a nearby trash bin. However, his mother sees this and demands that he throw the can away, but the boy refuses. Then, his father comes over and scolds him, “Idiot, how can you pick up such dirty things? You’re not a street cleaner!” The little boy responds, “The teacher said we should protect the environment and not litter!” The mother says, “You didn’t throw it, so why bother?” The little boy looks confused but has no choice but to throw the trash back on the ground.

Scene Two:

On a crowded train station platform, a young mother is with a boy about 5 or 6 years old. After finishing his juice, the boy casually throws the empty box under the seat. The mother quickly picks up the empty box, hands it to her son, and says, “Good boy, throw the empty box into the trash bin in front.” A moment later, the mother and son hug each other affectionately, and the mother softly says to her son, “We must protect the environment and not litter!”

 Isn’t the boy in Scene One quite pitiful? He must be confused by the different educational methods of his parents and teacher.

 School education, besides teaching children textbook knowledge, also emphasizes moral education. Protecting the environment is a well-known principle. When schools and teachers are fully cultivating this sense of public morality in children, if parents can cooperate with the school, encourage children to follow the teacher’s guidance, and set an example themselves, children can receive positive education, rather than learning one set of standards at school and facing another in real life.

 Home-School Cooperation in Cultivating Children’s Character

 

Schools have many requirements for students, such as punctuality, discipline, orderliness, service, and cleanliness, all of which are part of moral education. The aim is for children to realize from a young age that they are part of society and have responsibilities and obligations, not just to gain benefits. Imagine, if the boy in Scene One, after hearing his parents’ reasoning, adopts the mindset of “since I didn’t throw it, I don’t need to pick it up” even at home, what would the parents think? Every parent hopes their child will consciously care for the cleanliness of their home environment and appreciate their parents’ hard work. But have you ever thought: if you never teach your child to respect the labor of cleaners, and never personally demonstrate care for the larger social environment in front of your child, how will the child learn to care for the small environment at home?

有調查發現,近八成的學童在長輩或家傭幫忙時,甚少向他們說「謝謝」,更有部分孩子認為家傭的工作是要照顧自己,所以不需要對其特別有禮。而會向父母說「早安、晚安」或「大家吃飯」的學童均不多。

為甚麼小朋友會不懂得禮貌呢?因為家長自身也不會向他人或家傭說「謝謝」,亦有家長經常或間中駁斥及責罵長輩,或打斷別人講話。除了乘搭交通工具會「霸位」外,也有家長會在公眾場所打尖或不排隊。父母師長都是孩子模仿的對象,我們的一言一行,時刻影響著孩子的價值觀。父母必須時刻警惕個人行為,也應盡量即時指正子女的無禮態度,但緊記語氣及用字得當。每日也應抽時間指導子女反思個人錯誤,令他們對事件更為深刻。孩子的品德培育,須透過家校合作才可成功,家長在其中擔當了比師長更重要的角色。

 

 

A survey found that nearly 80% of schoolchildren rarely say “thank you” when helped by elders or domestic helpers. Some children even believe that it is the domestic helper’s job to take care of them, so there is no need to be particularly polite to them. Additionally, few schoolchildren say “good morning,” “good night,” or “let’s eat” to their parents.

 

Why do children lack manners? It is because parents themselves do not say “thank you” to others or to domestic helpers. Some parents frequently or occasionally rebuke and scold elders or interrupt others while they are speaking. Besides occupying seats on public transportation, some parents also cut in line or do not queue in public places. Parents and teachers are role models for children, and our every word and action constantly influence their values. Parents must always be vigilant about their behavior and should try to correct their children’s impolite attitudes immediately, but remember to use appropriate tone and language. Parents should also take time each day to guide their children to reflect on their mistakes, making the lessons more impactful. The cultivation of children’s character must be achieved through home-school cooperation, with parents playing an even more crucial role than teachers.

2023-2024年度
中華文化活動

2022-2023年度
中華文化活動

K.1參觀鐵路博物館

出疹的背後意義
The underlying meaning of acne

撰文:張傑醫生

還記得大學時代看過一套很駭人的電視,這是關於類似伊波拉病毒如何在某一個地區傳染居民和外來人,並引致所有人死亡。劇中被感染的人,就算是初期,都必然有紅疹在身體出現。所以,不少人印象很深,疹就是代表嚴重的疾病。

 其實這只說對一半,紅疹是一種病徵,可以是皮膚的毛病,或是全身性疾病的一個反應。皮膚疾病可以單純的皮膚敏感、蚊叮蟲咬、風癱、曬傷等。全身性的反應可以是藥物敏感、感染性、自體免疫力毛病等。之前所謂「一半是正確」,就是在全身性的反應中,有些較嚴重,有些是較輕微。

 嚴重的例子是:

 1.          藥物敏感:由於紅疹只是表徵,當中的反應可以很嚴重。所以,如果是這個情況,一般我們會更加小心處理和觀察。

2.          感染性(急性):例如麻疹、水痘、手足口病、德國麻疹、腮腺炎待。這些病都是有高度傳染性的。同時有發燒的徵狀。所以,我們在擔心這個病的併發症外,也會擔心它會傳染他人。故此,要特別小心。

 

3.          自體免疫力疾病:例如紅斑狼瘡症、過敏性紫癜症等。由於這類情況會有較多全身性的併發症,所以治療目標並不是去治療紅疹,而是處理根本的病症。

Written by: Dr Cheung Kit

I remember watching a terrifying TV show during my college days. It was about how a virus similar to Ebola spread among residents and outsiders in a certain area, leading to everyone’s death. In the drama, people infected with the virus would inevitably develop red rashes on their bodies even in the early stages. Therefore, many people have a deep impression that rashes represent serious diseases.

 In fact, this is only half true. A rash is a symptom that can be a skin problem or a reaction to a systemic disease. Skin diseases can be simple skin sensitivities, mosquito bites, shingles, sunburns, etc. Systemic reactions can be due to drug sensitivities, infections, autoimmune disorders, etc. The previous statement “half true” means that among systemic reactions, some are more severe, while others are milder.

 Severe examples include:

1.       Drug Sensitivity: Since a rash is only a sign, the reaction can be very severe. Therefore, if this is the case, we generally handle and observe with extra caution.

2.      Infectious (Acute): For example, measles, chickenpox, hand, foot, and mouth disease, German measles, mumps, etc. These diseases are highly contagious and also present with fever symptoms. So, in addition to worrying about the complications of the disease, we also worry about it spreading to others. Therefore, special care is needed.

 

3.      Autoimmune Diseases: For example, lupus erythematosus, allergic purpura, etc. Since these conditions can have more systemic complications, the treatment goal is not to treat the rash but to address the underlying disease.

那麼「另一半」不是嚴重的疹是甚麼呢?

 

1.          玫瑰疹:這是一種幼兒「專有」的紅疹。一定是在感染了某種過濾性病毒後的反應。每當這種疹出現時,燒已經完全退卻,也代表病情已經穩定下來。一般這些紅疹在身軀出現,之後散開到四肢和面部。由於不痕不癢,所以不用特別治療。

 

2.          痱子:這是由於汗腺阻塞的結果。多數是環境氣溫太高或是衣服穿得太多所致。雖然會有少許痕癢,但是始終不像濕疹般不適,所以也不是不嚴重的問題。另一方面,只要將患處的溫度降低,情況便會改善。

 

3.          嬰兒濕疹

雖然嬰兒濕疹都會十分痕癢,但它是有時限性的。一般由出生後一個月開始,並維持至六個月左右。而且它對藥物的反應良好(例如中等強度的類固醇藥膏)。所以,基本上只要父母願去正面處理,並跟從醫生的治療,便會有良好的反應。

 

 

所以,出疹並不一定要有大問題。但是,若果出疹時,同時出現發燒、全身性的病徵、精神狀態不佳時,這就代表最好早點找醫生看看會較好。

So what are the “other half” of rashes that are not serious?

 

1.       Roseola: This is a type of rash ‘exclusive’ to young children. It is definitely a reaction after being infected with a certain filtrable virus. Whenever this rash appears, the fever has already completely subsided, which also indicates that the condition has stabilized. Generally, these rashes appear on the torso and then spread to the limbs and face. Since they are not itchy or painful, there is no need for special treatment.

2.      Heat Rash (Prickly Heat): This is the result of blocked sweat glands. It is mostly caused by the environment being too hot or wearing too many clothes. Although there may be a little itching, it is not as uncomfortable as eczema, so it is not a serious problem. On the other hand, as long as the temperature of the affected area is lowered, the condition will improve.

 

Infant Eczema

3.      Although infant eczema can be very itchy, it is time-limited. It generally starts from one month after birth and lasts until about six months. Moreover, it responds well to medication (such as medium-strength steroid creams). So, basically, as long as parents are willing to deal with it positively and follow the doctor’s treatment, there will be a good response.

 

 

Therefore, having a rash does not necessarily mean there is a big problem. However, if a rash occurs at the same time as fever, systemic symptoms, or poor mental state, it means it would be better to see a doctor sooner rather than later.

幼稚園必問的七種面試題目
The seven types of interview questions that must be asked in kindergarten interviews

撰文:資深升學專家

   輔導教師協會榮譽顧問趙榮德先生

 

有家長問我,幼稚園面試有哪些題目是必問的,答案是︰「至少有七種題目是必問的!」為甚麼必問這七種題目?因為兩歲多的小朋友只識答這些題目,深的便會啞口無言了。以下便是這七種題目的問題︰

 

一、你叫乜嘢名?

(題種︰考自我)

建議答案︰我叫陳小明

重點︰答全句,有subject,有verb;全句有禮貌,剩答陳小明無禮貌,切戒。

 

二、邊個帶你來考試?

(題種︰考親子關係)

建議答案︰我爸爸媽媽帶我來

重點︰最好爸媽都來,家傭姐姐或嫲嫲爺爺帶會打折扣。

 

 三、爸爸媽媽假日帶你去邊度玩?

(題種︰考親子活動)

建議答案︰爸爸媽媽帶我去公園、沙灘(夏天)、農場、科學館、天文館、圖書館

 

重點︰宜帶孩子去平日少去的地方,最好是接觸到大自然及益智地方。

Written by: Experienced Education Specialist

               Honorary Advisor of the Association of Careers Masters and Guidance Masters, Mr. Peter Chiu Wing Tak

 

A parent asked me what questions are essential in a kindergarten interview. The answer is: “There are at least seven essential questions!” Why are these seven questions essential? Because toddlers over two years old only know how to answer these questions, and they will be speechless if asked deeper questions. Here are the seven types of questions:

 

1.       What is your name?

(Type of question: Self-awareness)

Suggested answer: My name is Chan Siu Ming.

Key point: Answer in full sentences, with a subject and a verb; it is polite to answer in full sentences, just answering “Chan Siu Ming” is impolite, so be careful.

 

2.      Who brought you to the exam?

(Type of question: Parent-child relationship)

Suggested answer: My mom and dad brought me here.

Key point: It is best if both parents come. Having a domestic helper, grandmother, or grandfather bring the child may be less favorable.

 

3.      Where do your mom and dad take you to play on holidays?

(Type of question: Parent-child activities)

Suggested answer: Mom and dad take me to the park, beach (in summer), farm, science museum, planetarium, library.

 

Key point: It is advisable to take children to places they seldom visit on weekdays, preferably places that involve nature and are intellectually stimulating.

四、老師拿起蘋果問︰這是甚麼?

(題種︰考認知)

建議答案︰這是蘋果。亦可以加多句,我鍾意食蘋果。

重點︰認知題可以無所不問,例如除了水果,可以問文具、交通工具等。

 

 五、將枱上個橙交給媽媽。

(題種︰考接命令能力)

建議答案︰好。立即把橙交給背後的媽媽。

重點︰接到命令要立即執行,忌猶豫不決。

 

六、將膠綫穿過珠仔個窿。

(題種︰考小肌肉運動)

建議答案︰好。立即行動,不成功再試。

重點︰永不放棄,直至成功。忌未試便放棄。

 

七、面試結束前校長在考生襟頭貼一張貼紙

(題種︰考突然反應)

建議答案︰多謝老師、校長;然後說再見老師、再見校長!

重點︰一定要多謝,之後才說再見,缺一不可!

 

 

 

 

4.  The teacher picks up an apple and asks: “What is this?”

(Type of question: Cognitive)

Suggested answer: “This is an apple.” You can also add, “I like eating
apples.”

Key point: Cognitive questions can cover anything, such as asking about stationery,
transportation, etc., besides fruits.

 

5.   Pass the orange on the table to your mom.

(Type of question: Ability to follow commands)

Suggested answer: “Okay.” Immediately hand the orange to mom standing behind.

Key point: Commands should be executed immediately without hesitation.

 

6. Thread the string through the hole in the bead.

(Type of question: Fine motor skills)

Suggested answer: “Okay.” Act immediately, try again if not successful.

Key point: Never give up until successful. Avoid giving up without trying.

 

7. Before the interview ends, the principal sticks a sticker on the candidate’s lapel.

(Type of question: Reaction to unexpected situations)

Suggested answer: “Thank you, teacher, thank you, principal;” then say
“Goodbye, teacher, goodbye, principal!”

 

Key point: Always express thanks first, then say goodbye. Both are essential!